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Hand weaving loom12/17/2023 This site features the textile design and hand weaving tools that we have developed over the years with careful research and testing. As weavers ourselves, we recognize that hand weaving is a craft which requires tools designed for function and quality. The combined textile manufacturing experience of our people is in excess of one hundred years. We strive to make the finest hand weaving looms and related equipment possible. The front and back beams fold in when not in use. It can accommodate several different kinds of beams, offers the opportunity to add more harnesses as your needs grow, and stays in adjustment. This is the loom that can start out simple and grow with you. If so, we recommend the MACOMBER AD-A-HARNESS LOOM. The slots between the metal slats are the dents.Have you been searching for the right loom? One that can adapt to your growing skills as a weaver? One that fits your needs now, and in the future? Spun yarns require more air space because of their unevenness.Ī close-up image of a reed in a production loom. Therefore each reed has a required amount of air space depending on whether filament or spun yarn is used. The space between dents must be wide enough to allow any slubs or thick places in the warp yarn to pass through. Weavers typically have an inventory of different reeds to accommodate various fabric styles with different numbers of ends per inch and warp-yarn sizes. Ends per inch in the fabric divided by ends per dent in the reed equals the reed number. Reeds are designated by reed number which indicates the number of dents or slots in the reed per inch of width.įor example, a 24 reed number means that the reed contains 24 dents per inch. The filling yarn is inserted in front of the reed and the reed moves forward to beat the yarn into the fabric. During the weaving cycle, the reed moves backwards to accommodate the shed and the filling insertion mechanism (projectile, rapier, shuttle, etc.). Warp yarns are evenly spaced in the reed, usually with multiple ends through one dent. The reed, a comb-like device with slots or openings across its width, is responsible for the third basic motion of weaving, called beat-up. Insertion rates ranging from 600 to 1200 per minute are typical for air jet machines. Air jet machines have lower maintenance requirements and fewer replacement parts than do rapier and projectile machines. Spun yarns and textured filament weft yarns run well on these machines, but not slick flat filament yarns because of their low surface friction. These machines can also weave finer spun yarns, but ultra-fine yarns might be blown apart by the intense air pressure. Air jet machines use a special profiled reed to create a tunnel configuration through which the air and filling yarn travel across the weave shed.Īir jet weaving machines can insert relatively coarse yarns, such as yarns for heavy bottom-weight denim however, yarns any heavier than that would be difficult and more costly to weave because of the high air pressures required. Because the air disperses very quickly, additional relay air nozzles are evenly spaced across the width of the weave shed to continue to propel the yarn across the fabric width. Having more hooks makes it possible to weave larger design repeats and more intricate designs.Īir jet weaving machines use a burst of compressed air from an air nozzle to initially propel the filling yarn across the weave shed. This type of control makes it possible to form large design repeats and very intricate designs.Ī jacquard machine will have a certain number of hooks that control the lifting of warp yarns. Instead of using harnesses to control the weave design, jacquard shedding employs draw (or harness) cords that drop down from a jacquard head each cord is connected to an individual heddle or a small group of heddles. The weave design is controlled by the positioning of the holes in the pattern sheet. A punched hole allows a pin to penetrate the sheet and initiate lifting of the associated harness. The arrangement of the pegs in the wooden bars was termed the “peg plan” or “chain plan.”Īs technology progressed, chains of wooden bars were replaced with plastic sheets with punched holes. Pegs were placed in designated slots and would trigger a mechanism that would raise the corresponding harness. Historically, dobby weaving employed a chain of wooden bars with pegs inserted along the length of the bar. In addition to the basic weaves, dobby shedding makes it possible to weave small geometric figures, spot weaves, and more complex pattern stripes. Dobby shedding typically uses 12 to 32 harnesses, which allows for a broader range of woven designs than cam shedding.
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